This painting in the Tretyakov Gallery, Boyarynya Morozova by Vasily Surikov, illustrates the cause of a schism in the Russian Orthodox Church. Traditionally, the sign of the cross had been made using 2 fingers as the subject of the painting shows with her upraised right hand. In the 17th Century, Patriarch Nikon's reforms changed it to the 3-finger version, but the Old Believers were not inclined to go along.

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